Whether it was Aryabhatta’s introduction of the idea of numbers in ancient times Famous Scientists or the practice of Ayurveda, science has always been an important aspect of Indian culture. In today’s globe, India may be considered to play a critical role in the advancement of science and technology.
India is home to some of the world’s most well-known scientists, who have made significant contributions to the globe via their incredible inventions and discoveries. Among them are the following:
We have listed the Top 10 Most Famous Scientists in India, who have achieved global reorganization with their innovation and wonderful contribution.
CV Raman
Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman was born in Tiruchirapalli on November 7, 1888. He won the Noble Prize for his work on the scattering of light in 1930. He was the first Asian to receive Noble Prize in the science field.
His discovery of the scattering of light was when light traverses a transparent material, some of the deflected light changes in wavelength. This phenomenon is now called Raman scattering and is the result of the Raman effect.
The great scientist died on 21 November 1970 in the garden of his Institution (the Raman Research Institute in Bangalore) of a natural cause.
Also read: Top 10 latest Indian scientists in 2023
Achievement of CV Raman:
- “National Science Day” is celebrated on 28 February every year in India to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect in 1928 in his honour.
- Fellow of the Royal Society In 1924
- Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930
- Franklin Medal in 1941
- Bharat Ratna in 1954, the highest civilian award in India.
- Lenin Peace Prize in 1957
- CV Raman’s discovery recognized as an International Historic Chemical Landmark in 1988 by the American Chemical Society and the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
Homi J. Bhabha
Homi Jehangir Bhabha was born on October 30, 1909, in Bombay. He played a crucial role in Quantum Theory. He was the first Chainram of the Atomic Energy Commission of India. Bhabha is regarded as the father of Nuclear power as he convinced Jawaharlal Nehru, to start the ambitious nuclear program in India.
Bhabha is well known for his invention of the Cascade process of Cosmic radiation point particles. The theory is known as Bhabha’s Scattering Theoretical prediction of Muon.
He died in an aeroplane crash on January 24, 1966, when Air India Flight 101 crashed near Mont Blanc. There are numerous possible theories about the crash, including a conspiracy theory in which the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is involved to disable India’s nuclear program.
Achievements of Homi J. Bhabha
- Fellow of the Royal Society in 1941.
- Adams Prize in 1942
- Padma Bhushan in 1954.
- Reader in the Physics Department of the Indian Institute of Science.
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar was born in Lahore, British India, on October 19, 1910. He was the nephew of CV Raman. He was an Indian-American astrophysicist and became a citizen of the U.S. in 1953. He worked in the field of General Relativity, Astrophysics, Radiation and Fluid dynamics.
He won a Nobel Prize for his mathematical theory of Blackhole. Chandrashekhar worked in the field of General Relativity, Astrophysics, Radiation and, Fluid dynamics. Chandrasekhar Limit is even named after him.
Born on October 19, 1910, in Lahore, British India, he was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics for his mathematical theory of black holes. The Chandrasekhar limit is named after him. Chandra became a United States citizen in 1953.
He died n 21st August 1995 in Chicago, Illinois, U.S
Achievements of Subrahmanyan Chandrashekhar
- FRS in 1944
- Adams Prize in 1948
- Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983
- Copley Medal in 1984
- National Medal of Science in 1966
- Royal Medal in 1962
- Padma Vibhushan in 1968
- Heineman Prize in 1974
Also read: 10 amazing games that could help scientific research
Satyendra Nath Bose
SN Bose was born on January 1894 in Calcutta. He was a physicist who specialized in quantum mechanics. He is most significantly remembered for his role played in the class of particles ‘boson’, Photon gas, Bose gas, and Ideal Bose Equation of State.
His article on the theory of radiation and the ultraviolet catastrophe formed the basis of Bose-Einstein Statistics.
Visa- Parichay, the only scientific book written by Rabindranath Tagore was dedicated to Bose’s work. He died on 4th February 1974 in Calcutta, India.
Achievements of Satyendra Nath Bose
- Padma Vibhushan in 1954
- Appointed as the National Professor,
- Fellow of the Royal Society
Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya
Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya was a scholar, engineer, statesman, and Diwan of Mysore from 1912 to 1918. He was born on 15 September 1860. He is well known for his invention of the ‘block irrigation system’ and ‘automatic sluice gates’, they are still considered worders in the field of engineering. He developed the method of ‘Collector Well’ in 1895. He is known for his contribution to the building and solidification of dams all over India.
Achievements Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya
- His birthday, 15 September is celebrated as Engineers Day.
- Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1911.
- Diwan of Mysore, in 1915
- Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE)
- Bharat Ratna in 1955
Jagadish Chandra Bose
J.C Bose was born on 30 November 1858 in Bikrampur, West Bengal (now in Bangladesh). He was a physicist, polymath, botanist, biologist, archaeologist, and science fiction writer.
He is well for his invention of Crescographn, which states that plants are living and can feel pain, affection, etc.
He pioneered the study of radio and microwave optics, made important contributions to the study of plants, and laid the foundation of experimental science in the Indian subcontinent. He was the first person to use semiconductor junctions to detect radio signals, thus demonstrating wireless communication for the first time.
Apart from his scientific work, Bose also wrote science fiction and is known as the father of Bengali science fiction.
He died in Jharkhand on November 23, 1937
Achievements Jagadish Chandra Bose
- Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1903.
- Companion of the Order of the Star of India in 1912.
- Knight Bachelor (1917).
- Fellow of the Royal Society in 1920.
- J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, named in his honour.
- Member of the Vienna Academy of Sciences, 1928.
- President of the 14th session of the Indian Science Congress in 1927.
- The Indian Botanic Garden was renamed in his honour as the Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden on 25 June 2009.
Also read: 10 Marvelous Discoveries in Science and Technology
Srinivasa Ramanujan
Ramanujan was born on December 22, 1887, in Tamil Nadu, also celebrated as National Mathematics Day every year. He was a great Mathematician with almost no formal training.
He contributed to mathematical analysis, infinite series, number theory, and continued fractions. He is also known for his extremely efficient method of measuring pi in the early 20th century which was later implemented into computer algorithms.
He died at the very young age of 32, as he was facing a lot of health problems while living in England
Achievements of Shrinivasa Ramanujan
- Fellow of the Royal Society in 1918
- Fellow of Trinity College in 1918
Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
Dr APJ Kalam was born on October 15, 1931 He was an Indian scientist who worked as an Aerospace engineer with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). He is known as the ‘Missile Man of India’.
In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) where he was the project director of India’s first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite near the earth’s orbit in July 1980.
He was the 11th President of India. Dr APJ Abdul Kalam died on 27th July 2015 in Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
Achievements of Dr Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
- Padma Bhushan in 1981
- Padma Vibhushan in 1990
- Bharat Ratna in 1997
- Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration in 1997
- Veer Savarkar Award in 1998
- SASTRA Ramanujan Prize in 2000
- Von Braun Award in 2013
- Distinguished Fellow – Institute of Directors, India in 1994
- Honorary Fellow – National Academy of Medical Sciences in 1995
- Honorary Doctorate of Science – the University of Wolverhampton, the UK in 2007
- King Charles II Medal – the UK in 2007
- Honorary Doctor of Engineering – Nanyang Technological University, Singapore in 2008
- International von Kármán Wings Award – California Institute of Technology, the USA in 2009
- Hoover Medal – American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the USA in 2009
- Doctor of Engineering – the University of Waterloo, Canada in 2010
- IEEE Honorary Membership – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, the USA in 2011
- Honorary Doctor of Laws – Simon Fraser University, Canada in 2012
- Honorary Doctor of Science – University of Edinburgh, Scotland in 2014
Prafulla Chandra Ray
Prafulla Chanda Ray was born on August 2, 1861. He was an educationalist, philanthropist, chemist, industrialist, and historian.
He is popularly known for his work on a thesis on ‘Conjugated Sulfate of Copper Magnesium Group: A Study of Isomorphs Mixtures and Molecular Combinations’. He discovered the concept of “Mercurous Nitrite”. Ray established the Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals company.
He is regarded with the title of ‘Father of Indian Chemistry’ and is one the greatest Chemist in Indian history. He died on 16th June 1944 in Kolkata.
Achievements of Prafulla Chandra Ray
- Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1912
- Knight Bachelor in 1919
- Fellow of the Chemical Society (FCS) in 1902
- Foundation Fellow of the National Institute of Sciences of India (FNI) in 1935
- Fellow of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (FIAS) in 1943
Vikram Sarabhai
Vikram Sarabhai was born on August 12, 1919, in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. He played a crucial role in setting up the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) successfully. He is considered the Father of India’s space. program
Not even ISRO, he was behind the establishment of various other reputed institutions including the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIM-A) and the Nehru Foundation for Development.
Sarabhai died on 30th December 1971 in Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Achievements of Vikram Sarabhai
- Padma Bhushan in 1966
- Padma Vibhushan (posthumously) in 1972
